Cinsiyet Perspektifinden Presenteesim (İşte Var Olamama): Ortaya Çıkışının ve Örgütsel Öneminin Niteliksel Analizi
Understanding Presenteeism Through The Lens Of Gender: A Qualitative Analysis Of Its Emergence And Organizational Relevance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14565715Anahtar Kelimeler:
İşte Var Olamama, Cinsiyet, Nitel Analiz, ÖrgütlerÖzet
Bu çalışma, işte var olamama olgusunu ortaya çıkışına ve örgütsel üretkenlik üzerindeki etkisine odaklanarak, cinsiyet merceğinden incelemektedir. Çalışanların hastalık veya diğer koşullara rağmen işe gelmesi anlamına gelen işte var olamama, bireysel refah ve örgütsel üretkenlik için kritik öneme sahiptir. Fenomenolojik bir yaklaşım kullanan çalışma, özel bir eğitim kurumunda çalışan 15 öğretmenle derinlemesine, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla işte var olamama deneyimlerini ve algılarını ele almaktadır. Bu nitel yöntem, işte var olamama’ya katkıda bulunan öznel faktörlerin ve cinsiyete özgü dinamiklerinin ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelenmesine olanak tanımaktadır. Bulgular, yüksek iş talepleri, iş yükü, iş güvencesizliği, örgüt kültürü ve fiziksel ve ruhsal sağlık sorunlarının işte var olamama’nın birincil nedenleri olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, iş güvensizliği ve olumsuz performans değerlendirmelerine yönelik endişenin, çalışanları hasta olduklarında bile işe gelmeye zorladığını ve kişisel sağlığa öncelik vermenin önünde önemli bir engel oluşturduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Dahası, örgüt kültürü, sürekli devamın beklendiği ve çalışanları gerekli izinleri almaktan caydıran bir ortamı teşvik ederek işte var olamamayı önemli ölçüde etkilediği anlaşılmıştır. Çalışma ayrıca cinsiyet farklılıklarının bu faktörlerin nasıl ortaya çıktığını etkilediğini, kadınların aile sorumlulukları ve toplumsal beklentilerden kaynaklanan ek baskılarla karşı karşıya kaldığını ve bunun da kadın çalışanlar arasında daha yüksek düzeyde işte var olamamaya yol açtığını vurgulamaktadır. Bu bulgular, özellikle kadın öğretmenlerin iş ve ev sorumlulukları arasında denge kurmakta zorlandıklarını ve sağlık koşullarına rağmen sıklıkla toplumsal ve mesleki beklentileri karşılamak zorunda hissettiklerini göstermektedir.
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