Uluslararası Ticaret ve Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar Ekonomik Büyümeyi Nasıl Etkiliyor? MİKTA Ülkeleri Analizi

Abstract

In this study, the effects of international trade and foreign direct investment on the economic growth of MICTA countries (Mexico, Indonesia, South Korea, Turkey and Australia) are analyzed. The trade openness ratios of the countries are used to represent the international trade variable. In the study, the existence of cointegration relationship between the variables was tried to be determined with the data for the years 1974-2022. First, the unit root test of the variables was performed and it was observed that all variables became stationary in their first differences. In the next stage, the existence of cointegration relationship between the variables was examined with the help of Pedroni and Kao tests and it was found that the variables move in a cointegrated manner in the long run. Finally, the DOLS coefficient estimator was utilized to determine the direction of the relationship between international trade and FDI and economic growth. As a result of the DOLS analysis, a one-unit increase in the trade openness rate increases economic growth by 0.14 units, while a one-unit increase in foreign direct investment increases economic growth by 0.15 units.